| RTI Practices | Caveats and Concerns | School Examples | Resources |
The following web-based resources may be helpful in researching, selecting, and implementing school-wide screening. NRCLD does not endorse these products; these resources are intended to be a source of information about programs and publications that will help teachers, principals, and district personnel in their choice of materials that can be used by skilled teachers to provide effective instruction and successfully implement an RTI program. Whether or not a program or publication has been listed does not constitute endorsement or lack of endorsement by NRCLD. These resources do not constitute an "approved" or "required" list. Also, many potentially useful programs or publications may not be listed here. We hope that readers will complete careful reviews of available alternatives.
References
Catts, H. (2006, April). School-wide screening. Presentation at the National SEA Conference on Responsiveness to Intervention: Integrating RTI within the SLD Determination Process, Kansas City, MO. Retrieved July 12, 2006, from http://www.nrcld.org/sea/presentations_worksheets/screening/Catts_screening.pdf
Compton, D.L., Fuchs, D., Fuchs, L.S., & Bryant, J.D. (2006). Selecting at-risk readers in first grade for early intervention: A two-year longitudinal study of decision rules and procedures. Journal of Educational Psychology, 98, 394-409.
Foorman, B.R., Fletcher, J.M., Frances, D.J. Carlson, C.D., Chen, D., Mouzaki, A., Schatschneider, C., Wristers, K., & Taylor, R. (1998). Technical report: Texas primary reading inventory. Houston, TX: Center for Academic and Reading Skills, University of Texas-Houston Health Science Center, and University of Houston.
Foorman, B.R., Francis, D.J., Fletcher, J.M., Schatschneider, C., & Mehta, P. (1998). The role of instruction in learning to read: Preventing reading failure in at-risk children. Journal of Educational Psychology, 90, 37-55.
Fuchs, L.S., & Fuchs, D. (2006). Implementing responsiveness-to-intervention to identify learning disabilities. Perspectives on Dyslexia, 32(1), 39-43.
Fuchs, L.S., Fuchs, D., & Compton, D. (2003). Longitudinal study of alternative methods of LD identification. Paper presented at the Annual International Conference of the Learning Disabilities Association, Chicago, IL.
Good, R.H., Simmons, D., & Kame'enui, E. (2001). The importance and decision-making utility of a continuum of fluency-based indicators of foundational reading skills for third-grade high-stakes outcomes. Scientific Studies of Reading, 5, 257-288.
Jenkins, J.R. (2003, December). Candidate measures for screening at-risk students. Paper presented at the NRCLD Responsiveness-to-Intervention Symposium, Kansas City, MO. Retrieved April 3, 2006, from http://www.nrcld.org/symposium2003/jenkins/index.html.
Jenkins, J.R., & Jewell, M. (1992). An examination of the concurrent validity of the Basic Academic Skills Samples (BASS). Diagnostique, 17(4), 273-288.
National Association of State Directors of Special Education, Inc. (2005). Response to intervention: Policy considerations and implementation. Alexandria, VA: Author.
O'Connor, R.E., & Jenkins, J.R. (1999). The prediction of reading disabilities in kindergarten and first grade. Scientific Studies of Reading, 3, 159-197.
Scanlon, D.M., & Vellutino, F.R. (1996). Prerequisite skills, early instruction, and success in first grade reading: Selected results from a longitudinal study. Mental Retardation and Development Disabilities, 2, 54-63.
Snellen, H. (1862). Eye examination chart originally created by Dutch ophthalmologist Hermann Snellen, M.D., in 1862.
Speece, D., & Case, L. (2001). Classification in context: An alternative approach to identifying early reading disability. Journal of Educational Psychology, 93, 735-749.
Speece, D., Mills, C., Ritchey, K., & Hillman, E. (2003). Initial evidence that letter fluency tasks are valid indicators of early reading skill. Journal of Special Education, 36, 223-233.
Stage, S.A., & Jacobsen, D.M. (2001). Predicting student success on a state-mandated performance-based assessment using oral reading fluency. School Psychology Review, 30, 407-419.